The article discusses how researchers have used laser pulses to stimulate individual cone cells in the retina, allowing people to experience new, highly saturated colors. An optical illusion using a shrinking red circle on a green background can also produce a similar effect, although it is unclear if it falls outside the natural human color gamut. The illusion works by desensitizing the red-sensitive cones, allowing the green-sensitive cones to dominate. The article also explores the limitations of current display technology in representing the full range of human color perception.