The article discusses how various systems and policies can create discontinuities that lead to unintended consequences, such as people trying to lose money to qualify for subsidies or tax benefits. These discontinuities can be found in areas like healthcare, education, and finance. The article provides examples of how these discontinuities can be observed in data, such as spikes in election results or unusual patterns in car prices. The author suggests that having slow phase-outs instead of sharp thresholds can help mitigate these issues.